Smart Cities Lectures Online

outline-smart-cities

It is a bit of a gamble to tell those who watch our CASA site that I have just started a new lecture course on Smart Cities that I am offering to graduates at ASU. A gamble because Smart Cities are like Sustainable Cities – almost as many definitions as there are those defining them, and a gamble because the course is only half formed, half baked one might say. But one has to begin somewhere and the luxury of a short 2 week visiting appointment is that one escapes the frenetic drag of central London to be able to write something down.

This is my third course at ASU in the last three years and each time it has been something different. You can see the courses on the menu header at the top of the blog. My take on this current course is that Smart Cities are about how information is used in cities with a strong focus on digital information, but not exclusively. To me they are not really about the hardware of the city although we need to know something about this – something about where the wires are located and where the routers switch the traffic and where the data centres are – to make sense of it all. So my course is rather broad based but it is not particularly about how we might make government better using digital technologies – this is an implied goal of smart cities but I am not studying smart cities from this angle. Essentially my perspective is more on how information is being used in cities – how it permeates to produce new applications particularly in terms of seeing the city as a system. I don’t say so much about smart cities wrt to government and organisation. But there is not much written on smart cities that tends to take a long perspective.

Most of what is written is from one perspective or another – from a business perspective or a traffic flow perspective or a real-time control perspective but not from a synoptic one that tries to explain the nexus comprehensively. In a sense to do this, one needs a theory of cities and as we all know, there is nothing like this out there and they may never be. We were nearer to this quest in the old world but in the new, the almost mind boggling complexity of it all dwarfs all attempts to provide a fundamental understanding. Anyway at this point I will refer you to our review paper as background to our take on this field and if you want to read it, download it as follows. There are some key editorials that you can access as well, all to do with smart cities and if you click the relevant links this will take you to the editorials.

reviews      editorials     course

 

Posted in Big Data, Complexity, Connectivity, Flows, Information, LUTI models, Networks, Smart Cities, Urban Models | Leave a comment

CASA’s Focus on Big Data

bigdata

Here is a short one page missive from me printed in this month’s (January 2013) issue of Geographical (magazine) which argues the case for getting involved in these questions. Can’t find the online content (and we don’t seem to have a digital subscription in UCL) but the one pager can be downloaded here. Lots of posts on CASA’s Blogs deal with these questions, in two particular areaas: urban land use and transportation modelling, and in visualisation of data such as origins and destinations associated with public bikes trips, Oyster card digital data from the Tube and Public Bus systems in London, Addison-Leee tax data, phone calls data from large land line operators and so on. Look at the following CASA blogs for info: Big Data Toolkit, Digital Urban, Simulacra, Sociable Physics, Spatial Analysis, The Mapping London Blog, Urban Geographics, UrbanMovements and more…..

Posted in Big Data, Complexity, Networks, Smart Cities, Uncategorized | Leave a comment

Wicked Problems

jigsaw

40 years ago, Horst Rittel and Mel Webber published their seminal article entitled Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning. In it, they argued that many, if not most, problems in cities that planners were engaged in ‘solving’, tended to be such that ‘potential solutions’ often ended up making the problems they were designed to solve, even worse. It was an intriguing thesis that I explored a little in my article for Peter Hall’s Festschrift in June this past year. Peter was at Berkeley in the years when Rittel and Webber were articulating their influential ideas. You can get my chapter which is in draft form still by clicking here.

But 40 years later, a new book which many will and are reading by Nicholas Taleb called Antifragile (currently No. 97 on Amazon – 4 January 2013) essentially argues that most systems that are resilient and survive admit behavioural characteristics of wicked problems: things get worse when you attack them but essentially this hardens them up and increases, not decreases their chances of survival. It is an intriguing thesis, not entirely plausible but extremely suggestive of the kinds of things that we deal with in cities: the kind of problem that a city is. Wicked problems far from being a problem in this sense are essentially a characteristic of what Taleb in his subtitle to the book calls: “Things That Gain from Disorder”. Great Christmas reading as I have discovered, despite the fact this his book is rather mixed but nevertheless inspiring.

All in all, this book is the theory of the systems that give rise to wicked problems and it is well worth looking at as it essentially goes beyond evolving bottom up systems to portray ways in which such systems gradually become more resilient (although Taleb would not like the word). Lots of applications to a science of cities. Later this year (2013), Wei Ning Xiang and Jennifer Wolch are planning a seminar at Berkeley to revisit these ideas. Wei-Ning has an editorial in Landscape and Urban Planning on wicked problems and a note of the meeting has been advertised on the Planet network

 

Posted in Complexity, Emergence, Information | Leave a comment